Korsakoff syndrome, usually associated with alcohol abuse can occur without alcohol intake at all. It is due to a deficiency of thiamine (Vitamin B1). Other conditions where it can be a problem include: anorexia-bulimia nervosa; severe and persistent vomiting (pregnancy, chemotherapy); after gastric banding; associated with Cancer or other causes of malnutrition or subnutrition. It is discussed (as Wernicke-Korsakoff state) on pages 94, 104, 353-4 in Dr Sid’s book.
http://www.jneuropsychiatry.org/abstract/a-case-of-nonalcoholic-korsakoff-syndrome-resulting-from-malnutrition-due-to-selfneglect-and-severe-depression-12799.html